Corruption
Corruption is drawing a lot of attention worldwide. The paper surveys and discusses issues related to the causes, consequences, and scope of corruption and possible corrective actions. It emphasizes the costs of corruption in terms of economic growth. It also emphasizes that the fight against corruption may be costly and cannot be independent from the reform of the state. If certain reforms are not made, corruption is likely to continue to be a problem regardless of actions directly aimed at curtailing it.
(https://www.imf.org/external/pubs/ft/wp/wp9863.pdf)
In the abstract above, there are the following ideas