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Japan is due to restart the first nuclear reactor since the crisis at Fukushima last year. Hundreds have gathered near the plant in the town of Ohi to protest the move, which has divided public opinion.
Last month, the ′ minister urged support, saying a return to nuclear power was essential for the economy.
All 50 of Japan's plants were shut after the meltdown at Fukushima, which was triggered by a tsunami and earthquake.
The crisis was regarded as the worst nuclear disaster since Chernobyl.
Tens of thousands took part in anti-nuclear rallies in Tokyo outside Prime Minister Yoshihiko Noda's official residence, chanting "Saikado hantai," or "No to nuclear restarts", in what correspondents say was a rare show of dissent in Japan.
Mr Noda said that he had approved the reactivation of two reactors at Ohi, in an attempt to bolster the economy and prevent energy shortages over the summer.
The decision was welcomed by businesses who had voiced concern over the lack of power for industry.
But demonstrators say they are not convinced by assurances over safety, and argue that Japan should take the opportunity to move to alternative energy sources.
Many in Japan are angered by the decision to return to nuclear power.
Disponível em: http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-asia-18662892
Is every Japanese happy with the reactivation of the nuclear plants?