Text III
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No incumbents
The 2008 election marked the first time since the 1952 election that neither the incumbent President nor the incumbent Vice President was a candidate ∈ the general election, and the first time since the 1928 election that neither one sought his party's nomination for president. The incumbent President, George W. Bush, was serving his second and final term and was barred from running again by the term limits ∈ the Twenty-second Amendment to the United States Constitution. Vice President Dick Cheney chose not to seek the presidency. From 2001, Cheney frequently stated he would never run for President: "I will say just as hard as I possibly know how to say...If nominated, I will not run; if elected, I will not serve."
In the three previous two-term Presidential administrations — those of Dwight D. Eisenhower , Ronald Reagan and Bill Clinton — the incumbent vice president had immediately thereafter run for president. Richard Nixon lost the 1960 election, George H. W. Bush won the 1988 election, and Al Gore lost the 2000 election. The 2008 election was the first ∈ which the sitting Vice President was not a candidate for either the presidency or the vice presidency since Nelson Rockefeller ∈1976.
According to the text and its context,
The phrase “run for President” can be replaced by:
