Questão 59

1 We all have our ups and downs, our "off" days and our "on" days, but if you're suffering from bipolar disorder, these peaks and valleys are more severe. The symptoms of bipolar disorder can hurt your job and school performance, damage your relationships, and disrupt your daily life. And although bipolar disorder is treatable, many people don’t recognize the warning signs and get the help they need. Since bipolar disorder tends to worsen without treatment, it’s important to learn what the symptoms look like. Recognizing the problem is the first step to getting it under control.

7 Bipolar disorder (also known as manic depression) causes serious shifts $\in$ mood, energy, thinking, and behavior–from the highs of mania on one extreme, to the lows of depression on the other. More than just a fleeting good or bad mood, the cycles of bipolar disorder last for days, weeks, or months. And unlike ordinary mood swings, the mood changes of bipolar disorder are so intense that they interfere with your ability to function.

12 During a manic episode, a person might impulsively quit a job, charge up huge amounts on credit cards, or feel rested after sleeping two hours. During a depressive episode, the same person might be too tired to get out of bed and full of self-loathing and hopelessness over being unemployed and $\in$ debt.

16 The causes of bipolar disorder aren’t completely understood, but it often runs $\in$ families. The first manic or depressive episode of bipolar disorder usually occurs $\in$ the teenage years or early adulthood. The symptoms can be subtle and confusing, so many people with bipolar disorder are overlooked or misdiagnosed–resulting $\in$ unnecessary suffering. But with proper treatment and support, you can lead a rich and fulfilling life.

21 Bipolar disorder can look very different $\in$ different people. The symptoms vary widely $\in$ their pattern, severity, and frequency. Some people are more prone to either mania or depression, while others alternate equally between the two types of episodes. Some have frequent mood disruptions, while others experience only a few over a lifetime.

25 There are four types of mood episodes $\in$ bipolar disorder: mania, hypomania, depression, and mixed episodes. Each type of bipolar disorder mood episode has a unique set of symptoms.

27 If you spot the symptoms of bipolar depression $\in$ yourself or someone else, don’t wait to get help. Ignoring the problem won’t make it go away; $\in$ fact, it will almost certainly get worse. Living with untreated bipolar disorder can lead to problems $\in$ everything from your career to your relationships to your health. Diagnosing the problem as early as possible and getting into treatment can help prevent these complications.

32 If you’re reluctant to seek treatment because you like the way you feel when you’re manic, remember that the energy and euphoria come with a price. Mania and hypomania often turn destructive, hurting you and the people around you.

35 Bipolar disorder requires long-term treatment. Since bipolar disorder is a chronic, relapsing illness, it’s important to continue treatment even when you’re feeling better. Most people with bipolar disorder need medication to prevent new episodes and stay symptom-free.

38 There is more to treatment than medication. Medication alone is usually not enough to fully control the symptoms of bipolar disorder. The most effective treatment strategy for bipolar disorder involves a combination of medication, therapy, lifestyle changes, and social support.

41 It’s best to work with an experienced psychiatrist. Bipolar disorder is a complex condition. Diagnosis can be tricky and treatment is often difficult. For safety reasons, medication should be closely monitored. A psychiatrist who is skilled $\in$ bipolar disorder treatment can help you navigate these twists and turns.

(http://www.helpguide.org/mental/bipolar${}_{d}isorde{r}_{s}ymptom{s}_{t}reatment$.htm)

There are many famous people who were diagnosed with Bipolar Disorder.

The only biography which cannot be related to this disorder is: