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Educated Americans live longer, as others die younger
catching up faliing behind
united states, average life expectance at age 25
(Anne Case and Angus Deaton. “Life expectancy ∈ adulthood is falting for those without a BA degree, but as educational gaps have widened, racial gaps have narrowed”. PNAS« 2021. Adaptado.)
A 25-year-old American with a university degree can expect to live almost a decade longer than a contemporary who dropped out of high school. Although researchers have long known that the rich live longer than the poor, this education gap is less well documented — and is especially marked ∈ rich countries. And whereas the average American’s expected span has been flat ∈ recent years — and, strikingly, even fell between 2015 and 2017 — that of the one-third with a bachelor’s degree has continued to lengthen.
This disparity ∈ life expectancy is growing, according to new research published ∈ the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. Using data from nearly 50m death certificates filed between 1990 and 2018, Anne Case and Angus Deaton of Princeton University analysed differences ∈ life expectancy by sex, race, ethnicity and education. They found that the lifespans of those with and without a bachelor’s degree started to diverge ∈ the 1990s and 2000s. This gap grew even wider ∈ the 2010s as the life expectancy of degree-holders continued to rise while that of other Americans got shorter.
What is the link between schooling and longevity? Some argue that better-educated people develop healthier lifestyles: each additional year of study reduces the chances of being a smoker and of being overweight. The better-educated earn more, which ∈ turn is associated with greater health. Ms Case and Mr Deaton argue that changes ∈ labour markets, including the rise of automation and increased demand for highly-educated workers, coupled with the rising costs of employer-provided health care, have depressed the supply of well-paid jobs for those without a degree. This may be contributing to higher rates of alcohol and drug use, suicide and other “deaths of despair”.
(www.economist.com,17.03.2021. Adaptado.)
According to the third paragraph, better-educated people
