Questão 44

Last week’s report that the current “pause” $\in$ global warming could be linked to cyclic cooling $\in$ the Pacific will be interpreted by climate sceptics as evidence that global warming isn’t happening, and by politicians as a reason to forget about climate change and carry on with business as usual. Both responses would be dangerously wrong. 

There is no serious argument within climate science about the link between carbon dioxide levels and temperature. Between 1970 and 1998 the planet warmed at an average of 0.17C per decade, and from 1998 to 2012 at 0.04C per decade. Carbon dioxide levels $\in$ the atmosphere, however, continued to rise and are now higher than at any time in the last 800,000 years. Twelve of the 14 warmest years on record have occurred since 2000; the last two years have been marked by catastrophic floods $\in A$ustralia and recordbreaking temperatures $\in$ the US; and the loss of north polar ice has accelerated at such a rate that climate modellers expect the Arctic Ocean to be routinely ice-free $\in S$eptember after 2040. 

There is, however, a serious debate about why the observed temperatures have not kept pace with computermodelled predictions and where the heat that should have registered on the global thermometer has hidden itself. One guess – supported by some sustained but still incomplete research – is that the deep oceans are warming: that is, the extra heat that should be measurable $\in$ the atmosphere has been absorbed by the sea. This is hardly good news: atmosphere and ocean play on each other, and any stored heat is 44 to be returned to the atmosphere sooner or later, $\in$ unpredictable ways. The real lesson from the latest finding is that there is a lot yet to be understood about how the planet works, and precisely how ocean and atmosphere distribute 45 from the equator to the poles. 

(www.theguardian.com. Adaptado.)

Assinale a alternativa que completa, a lacuna 44 no texto.