TEXT
By the 900s, Islamic medicine was the most
sophisticated ∈ the world. One of the most lasting
contributions of Islam was the hospital. Funded
by donations called waqf, public hospitals treated
the sick, provided a place to convalesce and
recover, housed the mentally ill, and provided
shelter to the aged and infirm. Jewish and
Christian doctors, ∈ addition to Muslim
physicians, worked ∈ these institutions. Hospitals
allowed the poorest to benefit from the knowledge
of outstanding doctors: beggars ∈Baghdad might
be operated on by Rhazes, the great surgeon of the
city hospital.
As was increasingly the case ∈Christian Europe,
great cities ∈ the Muslim world competed to
house such institutions, hoping to attract the best
teachers and books. The Ahmad ibn Tulun
Hospital, one of the first of its kind, was built ∈
Cairo between 872 and 874. Perhaps the best
known hospital of the Islamic world, Al-Mansuri
Hospital, was also built ∈Cairo, by the sultan
Qalawun in1285. Four wards, each one
specializing ∈ different pathologies, were reputed
to house thousands of patients. The buildings
surrounded a courtyard cooled by fountains.
Fonte: National Geographic History, november/december 2016, p.72-73.
In the sentence from the text above e “One of the most lasting contributions of Islam was the hospital.”(lines 2 and 3) the word ∈ bold may be replaced by
